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القاهرة هي عاصمة جمهورية مصر العربية وأهم مدنها تقع القاهرة على جوانب جزر نهر النيل في شمال مصر باريس هي عاصمة فرنسا وأكبر مدنها من حيث عدد السكان. تقع على ضفاف نهر السين في الجزء الشمالي من البلاد في قلب منطقة إيل دو فرانس لندن هي عاصمة المملكة المتحدة وأكبر مدنها. تقع على نهر التيمز في جنوب بريطانيا روما هى عاصمة إيطاليا تقع المدينة في الجزء المركزي الغربي من شبه الجزيرة الإيطالية على نهر التيبر في إقليم لاتسيو الإيطالي طوكيو هي عاصمة اليابان، تقع على الجهة الشرقية لأكبر الجزر الأربعة للبر الياباني هونشو، وعلى الضفة الغربية لـخليج طوكيو وبالقرب من مصب نهر سوميدا  بكين هى عاصمة جمهورية الصين الشعبية ومن أكبر المدن فيها، تقع في الطرف الشمالي من سهل شمال الصين

Engineer space and power lines

<<< Engineer space and power lines >> <<<First, knowing the track Primary hand Owner 2 - see places fractures ( Towers corner ) and set the co-ordinates of principled (gps) 3 - Highway Traffic on the track and see the validity of points to work 4 - Determine bitmap start work ( at the exit station , for example) 5 - determine the end point of the work ( station or factory ) 6 - start cadastral Bastkham Altautal with surveyor hard on the device and gps with the worker or surveyor moving on the track of the progress of the approximate path Note : When you identify points of refraction on the gps is the work path on your gps 7 - is lifting spaces convergent every 20 or 25 meters xyz 8 - are extracting data from Altautal and give it to the Office of the design , which in turn doing a profile by several important programs and I see that AutoCAD and landscaping to Aasalehan almost to work basic but are among the programs help are plotted profile through the program plstower and civilcad and are the two two main work profile but Saarama very expensive and a little of the companies that operate these programs , the program (plstower) job profile of the track and work towers appropriate in terms of style (depends on the type of line 66 and 220 , 400 and 500) kv , a high-voltage lines known where each type models that work with them is filled the program Baldata appropriate and the program gives us the results of the high towers and the distances between them and a place Center tower stations and the proportion of elision wire and the safety factor in terms of the distance between the high wire and the Earth's natural (8 meters , for example) and the data owner in terms of the effect of wind on the body of the tower and the coefficient of loads on the land of the tower and also do not forget work borings in places towers ( Jdzisat mechanical and electric ) and is the work of plate special of the track and took the count from the owner on the profile and then the signing of the towers on the ground where they are drawing the path on AutoCAD distances and angles and , where known our Lifting the coordinates of the corners , where is the point fixed can not be change their places are from AutoCAD to draw the coordinates Towers commentary and is signed all the towers on the ground and delivered to the face executing in turn makes sure the track and distances and angles and start planning and drilling poured Antiquities then raise buried ( Baza or Template or in the Block ) and then compaction rebar was wood woodworking then reinforced concrete and insulation and then backfill and here ends the role of the civil engineer and thus the role of spaceDivided the work of the surveyor in the projects of power lines into several stages: First, the exploration phase and identify and study the course of the 1 - to locate the beginning of the line ( line-out of the station or factory) using GPS 2 - Determine line path away from the facilities and residential areas and other ( the role of the surveyor lift and locate refraction line path) using GPS 3 - measurement of angles at every point of refraction (using Tdiuliet or Total ) now become our track line store on the GPS and the angle at each refraction in line Tania : stage cadastral to work profile line track 1 : is lifting along the track line every 25 meters and the distance is not fixed , where less than the distance the greater the detail topography of the land and increase if the nature of the ground a flat or slope is constant and there is no out many details taking into account the high accuracy in reading elevations Note : uses GPS with assistant who holds inverter to find out where the path of the line NOTE: You Lifting a surveyor occupy points on the line the track and are points Background (back sight) also points to line the track often points refraction line path if possible 2 - undermines surveyor snapped a meteorologist (x, y, z) in the direction of an accidental vertically on the track line and extends on both sides of the line path distances vary depending on the type of line ( 66,220,400,500 ) kV taking into account the intensification of Met in the case of a Details topography in place ( Valley , Mkhr torrent , rocks high, and others) where help the designer in the event of his desire to modify the track line 3 - Delivery Lifting to the company or the engineering office who will do the design Secondly, the implementation phase 1 - the designer to give the surveyor tables contain the data path and contains a number of the tower, tower type , station number , the distance between the towers , the angle of the tower, the coordinates Center tower 2 - a surveyor signed towers ( starts towers tensile then Towers comment) taking into account the straighter line path and attention to this matter well as led to some problems with me previously 3 - a surveyor required limits on the drilling tower according to its type , according to the schemes 4 - Follow-up drilling level 5 - determine and adjust the level of the normal 6 - Adjust the buried part of the tower ( Baza , Template ) depending on the type of line and of course there is a lot Manalachtlavat in the work force depending on the type of line





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